Chronic disease management improves survival but not hospital presentations: a target trial approach using linked data from the Australian Stroke Clinical Registry.

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Nadine Andrew
David Ung
Muideen Olayia
Lachlan Dalli
Leonid Churilov
Joosup Kim
Dominique Cadilhac
Vijaya Sundararajan
Amanda Thrift
Natasha Lannin
Mark Nelson
Velandai Srikanth
Monique Kilkenny

Abstract

Objectives
Data linkage can provide sufficient breadth and size of data, to draw reliable estimates of effectiveness, at a population level using real-world data. We compared differences in survival and hospital presentations following stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA), based on whether a Medicare funded chronic disease management plan was claimed.


Approach
A population-based, comparative effectiveness study of Victorian and Queensland Australian Stroke Clinical Registrants (January 2012-June 2015), using the emulated target trial approach, was performed. Chronic disease management items were identified from Medicare claims in the 6-18 months post-stroke (exposure period). Data on covariates for model adjustment were obtained from hospital, pharmacy and aged care datasets. Outcomes at 19-30 months post-stroke were determined using the national death registry and state hospital data. Cox regression, adjusted using propensity score methods with inverse probability treatment weights was used to determine the effect of receipt of chronic disease management claims on outcomes.


Results
Of 28,775 AuSCR registrants, 27,435 (95.3%) were linked across the Medicare, pharmacy and hospital datasets. Following exclusions, 11,574 registrants from 42 hospitals (42% female, median age 70 years, 27% TIA) were eligible for the study. Overall, 45% of participants received chronic disease management during the exposure period. After propensity score weighting, there was excellent balance between groups across 35 baseline variables (standardised differences <0.1). Receipt of chronic disease management (vs non-receipt) was associated with a 30% reduced hazard of death (adjusted Hazard Ratio [aHR]: 0.70, 95%CI: 0.57, 0.87) but a 17% increase in hospital presentations (aHR: 1.17, 95%CI: 1.12, 1.23). Variation was observed between planned (aHR: 1.21, 95%CI: 1.10, 1.33) and unplanned (aHR: 1.15, 95%CI: 1.07, 1.23) presentations.


Conclusion
We provide an evaluation of the effectiveness of Medicare funded chronic disease management within “real world” healthcare provision, thereby demonstrating the value of linked population data in health services research. Further work is underway to examine causal mechanisms.

Article Details

How to Cite
Andrew, N., Ung, D., Olayia, M., Dalli, L., Churilov, L., Kim, J., Cadilhac, D., Sundararajan, V., Thrift, A., Lannin, N., Nelson, M., Srikanth, V. and Kilkenny, M. (2022) “Chronic disease management improves survival but not hospital presentations: a target trial approach using linked data from the Australian Stroke Clinical Registry”., International Journal of Population Data Science, 7(3). doi: 10.23889/ijpds.v7i3.1885.

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