Using data to explore vulnerable women's utilization of maternity health care

Main Article Content

Mahnoush Rostami
Paola Charland
Ameera Memon

Abstract

Introduction
Inequitable access to appropriate maternity health care is an issue for vulnerable women that negatively impacts health outcomes. As part of a feasibility study on midwifery services for vulnerable women, we used administrative data to further our understanding of socially disadvantaged women’s use of the primary care system during pregnancy.


Objectives and Approach
To better understand maternity health service utilization and social vulnerability of women in Calgary Alberta, a research partnership was formed between Alberta Health Services and a social service agency that serves clients experiencing, poverty, and food insecurity and were at risk for homelessness. This multi-phase study linked postal code data to data from provincial databases. Variables included socioeconomic characteristics, prenatal health care utilization and maternal and birth outcomes for the years 2013 to 2015.


Results
Databases accessed included the Alberta Perinatal Health Program (APHP), Alberta Health Practitioner Claims Database, AHS Admission Discharge Transfer Database, Discharge Abstracts Database, National Ambulatory Care Reporting, and Provincial Registry Database.


Data linkages yielded a total sample size of 7493 women, with 15.5% of women qualifying as ‘socially vulnerable’. Women receiving social assistance are relatively younger, experience more pregnancies, have higher antenatal risk scores and accessed maternal and emergency care more often and later in their pregnancy than those women who are not accessing social services. Our results suggest women living in vulnerable circumstances experience higher risk pregnancies that those not living in vulnerable circumstances. Therefore a maternity care model such as midwifery, which uses a holistic approach to care may be beneficial for vulnerable women.


Conclusion/Implications
Findings from our study confirm that women experiencing poor social circumstances are at increased risk for complications during pregnancy and birth. Therefore, we need to further investigate utilizing maternity models of care that serve both the maternal health needs and the social needs of this population.

Introduction

Inequitable access to appropriate maternity health care is an issue for vulnerable women that negatively impacts health outcomes. As part of a feasibility study on midwifery services for vulnerable women, we used administrative data to further our understanding of socially disadvantaged women’s use of the primary care system during pregnancy.

Objectives and Approach

To better understand maternity health service utilization and social vulnerability of women in Calgary Alberta, a research partnership was formed between Alberta Health Services and a social service agency that serves clients experiencing, poverty, and food insecurity and were at risk for homelessness. This multi-phase study linked postal code data to data from provincial databases. Variables included socioeconomic characteristics, prenatal health care utilization and maternal and birth outcomes for the years 2013 to 2015.

Results

Databases accessed included the Alberta Perinatal Health Program (APHP), Alberta Health Practitioner Claims Database, AHS Admission Discharge Transfer Database, Discharge Abstracts Database, National Ambulatory Care Reporting, and Provincial Registry Database.

Data linkages yielded a total sample size of 7493 women, with 15.5% of women qualifying as ‘socially vulnerable’. Women receiving social assistance are relatively younger, experience more pregnancies, have higher antenatal risk scores and accessed maternal and emergency care more often and later in their pregnancy than those women who are not accessing social services. Our results suggest women living in vulnerable circumstances experience higher risk pregnancies that those not living in vulnerable circumstances. Therefore a maternity care model such as midwifery, which uses a holistic approach to care may be beneficial for vulnerable women.

Conclusion/Implications

Findings from our study confirm that women experiencing poor social circumstances are at increased risk for complications during pregnancy and birth. Therefore, we need to further investigate utilizing maternity models of care that serve both the maternal health needs and the social needs of this population.

Article Details

How to Cite
Rostami, M., Charland, P. and Memon, A. (2018) “Using data to explore vulnerable women’s utilization of maternity health care”, International Journal of Population Data Science, 3(4). doi: 10.23889/ijpds.v3i4.967.